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ABSTRACT
Background: Azadirachta indica is an African medicinal plant that has significant cultural and traditional value. It is frequently utilized to make herbal mixtures and decoctions for the treatment of disorders like uterine fibroid, diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage etc. The A. indica plant was collected and authenticated at Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the toxicity effects of stem bark of Azadiracta indica on female Wistar rats Method: Acute and delayed toxicity studies were done using Lorke’s method. Sub-chronic toxicity studies (measuring total plasma cholesterol, plasma protein and plasma estradiol) using 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg doses of A. indica stem extract in female Wistar rats was done. Histology studies and biochemical assays were carried out on the uteri, heart, liver, kidney and spleen respectively. Results: A. indica stem bark extract administration to rats cause reduction significantly (P ≤ 0.05 – 0.01) of cholesterol and estradiol (indicating hyperplasia). The lethal dose was greater than 5000 mg/kg administered orally. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of A. indica stem bark extracts on the rats exhibiting both harmfulness and restorative potential—underscores the significance of caution in its utilization.
