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ABSTRACT
This study investigated the impact of rural-urban migration on rural development in Ovia North-East Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria (2017-2021), and seeks to examine the impact of rural-urban migration on rural development in Ovia North East Edo State; identify ways in which rural development programmes has limited rural-urban migration in Ovia North East Edo State; examine the obstacles to the efficient execution of rural development programs in Ovia North East, Edo State; identify possible ways in which rural-urban migration has affected the development of Ovia North East Edo State; examine the relationship between rural-urban migration and rural development in Ovia North East Edo State; determine the factors responsible for rural-urban migration and rural development in Ovia North East Edo State, and suggest possible ways in which rural-urban migration can be ameliorated in Edo State, Nigeria.
The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design to examine the relationship and association between the variables in this study.Thereafter, field observation, in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey was employed as sources of primary data and the secondary data included satellite imageries derived from Google Earth images. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to digitize the part of Ovia North East that is relevant to this study.All statistical analyses in the research was carried out with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The demographic features of the respondents were displayed via tables and graphs. Opinions of respondents were also analyzed using simple percentage and frequency distribution. Binary logistic regression was employed to determine the impact of rural-urban migration on rural-development. Relative importance index was utilized to assess the significance of rural development based on the opinion of respondents.
The findings from the study therefore revealed that among other things that lack of employment in the rural area is the major driving factor that is responsible for rural-urban migration in the study area; rural urban migration has contributed to rural and economic development of the study area with 56.0% affirmations from the sampled respondents, and agricultural extension services vis-à-vis agro-improvement programmes are the major government intervention projects towards rural-urban migration mitigation in the study area. The study further recommended that the government should revisiting past agricultural policies by government as well as the farm settlement policies which will be geared towards making agriculture and rural area lucrative for living for the rural dwellers. The development of farm settlement with social infrastructure is imperative based on the inference reached in the study that majority of the farming household stay back in the rural area rather than migrating to urban areas. The study concluded that to reduce rural-urban migration, the study recommends measures for attainment of these goals as presented in the preceding section. It is expected that adoption and implementation of these measures will adequately address the associated challenges of rural-urban migration in the study area.
