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ABSTRACT
There is a reasonable complex molecular association between high-salt dependent hypertension and immune cells function which has not been fully characterized. This study examines the effects of high salt consumption on Nuclear Factor-kappa B and possible ameliorative influence of antioxidants in Sprague-Dawley rats. Thirty(30) male Sparague-drawley rats weighing 90-110g were divided into six groups, five rats assigned to each group. Group 1 (control group) were fed with normal rat chow and water. Group 2 were fed with rat chow containing 8% of Sodium Chloride to induce hypertension. Group 3, 4, 5, and 6 were fed with high salt diet and (Lisinopril 2.3mg/kgbw,VitaminC 100mg/kgbw, magnesium 4.8mM/day, kolaviron 200mg/kgbw) respectively for 8weeks by oral gavage. The Mouse Rat Blood Pressure (MRBP) system was used in measuring blood pressure and heart rate before the rats were humanely sacrificed using chloroform anesthesia and 5mls of blood was collected for biochemical analysis. The results show a statistically significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) mmHg in the salt-loaded rats when compared to the control group while the antioxidants caused an attenuation in blood pressure increase when compared to the salt-loaded group. There was no significant change in the heart rate. Also, the salt-loaded rats showed a significant increase in NF-kB level when compared to the control, while the groups co-treated with antioxidants showed a significant decrease in NF-kB when compared to the salt-loaded group. In conclusion, high salt diet may alter immune cell function and thus may provide an indication of additional pathway of salt-induced hypertension in Sprague-Dawley rats.
