ABSTRACT

Carpet grass (Axonopus compressus), a plant commonly used in traditional medicine, is reputed for its therapeutic properties, yet its effects on the vital organs remain insufficiently studied. This research aimed to investigate the histomorphological and biochemical effects of aqueous Axonopus compressus extract on the liver and kidneys of albino rats. Twelve albino rats were procured from the Animal House of the department of Anatomy, University of Benin, and kept under standard conditions with unrestricted access to feed and water ad libitum. These rats were divided into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups receiving 3000mg/kg and 4000mg/kg of the extract for 30 days. Histological analysis revealed normal kidney morphology across all groups, while the liver in treated groups displayed signs of steatosis such as ballooning degeneration, particularly at higher doses. Biochemical assessments showed significant increases in urea and creatinine levels in the high dose group, indicating renal stress despite preserved kidney architecture, while alterations in hepatic enzymes suggested mild liver dysfunction. These findings suggest that while Axonopus compresus extract demonstrates renal safety, its potential for dose dependent hepatoxicity warrants cautious use and further studies to elucidate its long term safety profile and therapeutic potential.