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ABSTRACT
Pausinystalia yohimbe is an evergreen tree belonging to the family of plant called Rubiaceae. It is widely used in North Eastern Nigeria for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and as an aphrodisiac. Some work has been done on the effect of it aqueous extract on male reproductive steroid hormones and testicular tissue. Therefore, this research study investigated the effect of alcoholic extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe on reproductive steroid hormones, testicular tissue and pituitary glands in the male adult wistar rat. Fifteen adult male wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group A (control group) had five rats and received 0.5ml of distilled water, while group B and C (test groups) had five rats each and received 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weights of alcoholic extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe respectively through oral gavages daily for five weeks. The rats were weighed prior to treatment and just before sacrifice. Tissues obtained were; testes and pituitary gland, they were used for histopathological studies and blood samples were collected and analyzed using immunoassay method for Follicle stimulating hormone, Luiteinizing hormone, Prolactin, and Testosterone. All statistical analysis were carried out using the statistical software-SPSS version 23.0. It was observed that the mean weight of rats increased after 2 weeks of acclimatization and treatment with yohimbe plant extract.A decrease in Prolactin, luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, and testosterone was observed after treatment with yohimbe plant extract in both group B and C when compared with group A. Marked dilatation of blood vessels, increased blood flow, and leydig cell hyperplasia, leydig cell degeneration, spermatogenic arrest, sertoli cell degeneration, presence of immature cells in the lumen, degeneration of cells of the spermatogenic series, vascular atrophy all were observed on the testicular tissue while increased chromophobe cells and increased acidophil cells was observed on the pituitary gland. Pausinystalia yohimbe plant extract was observed to have a negative effect on male fertility and pituitary gland.
