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ABSTRACT The study investigated the effect of morphological variations of Moringa oleifera leaf explant on callogenesis. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, benzylaminopurine and ampicillin was used to induce callus in vitro. The morphological variations of explant examined were: leaf surface (adaxial and abaxial), size (1, 2 and 3 mm), shape (square, triangular and rectangular) and regions along the midrib of the leaf. Morphological changes were observed after one week of culture initiation with majority of the explants appearing dark green and callus formation was observed three weeks after culture initiation. Callus formation was not observed in the culture containing the abaxially placed explants while those containing the adaxially placed explants produced callus (0.02053 g). Culture containing the square shaped explants gave callus of the highest intensity when compared to the triangular and rectangular explants cultures. The culture containing 1mm explants produced more callus (0.00654 g) than both the 2 and 3 mm explant cultures. The effect of the region along the midrib was also investigated and the best result came from the region closest to the leaf apex producing callus of 0.00442 g. The result obtained from this study indicated that leaf surface, shape, size and regions along the midrib have a remarkable effect on callogenesis.
