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ABSTRACT
Maintaining iron balance is critical for various physiological processes, including the production of red blood cells (erythropoiesis), and it is intricately regulated by molecular mechanisms. Jatropha tanjorensis, a traditional medicinal plant known for its diverse medicinal properties, has drawn attention for its potential impact on these processes. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the influence of Jatropha tanjorensis extract on the genetic expression patterns of ferritin and erythroferrone genes in male Albino Wistar rats. To achieve this, thirty adult male Albino Wistar rats were categorized into five distinct groups: a control group, a phenyl hydrazine-exposed group, and three groups administered with varying doses of Jatropha tanjorensis extract (1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg). The study involved RNA extraction and semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to isolate RNA from the rats' bone marrow. Complementary DNA was synthesized and subsequently amplified using PCR. Gel electrophoresis was employed to identify the gene bands. The outcomes of the study unveiled noteworthy insights. The mRNA expression of ferritin demonstrated a significant increase in the groups treated with 2000mg/kg and 4000mg/kg of Jatropha tanjorensis crude extract compared to both the control group (p<0.001) and the untreated group (p<0.05). Conversely, the mRNA expression of erythroferrone (ERFE) exhibited a decrease in the group receiving 1000mg/kg of Jatropha tanjorensis crude extract in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). However, when contrasted with the control group (p<0.001), untreated group (p<0.001), and the group receiving 1000mg/kg of Jatropha tanjorensis crude extract, the mRNA expression of ERFE significantly decreased in the groups administered with 2000mg/kg and 4000mg/kg, respectively. In conclusion, this research underscores the substantial influence of Jatropha tanjorensis on the expression patterns of ferritin and ERFE genes. These findings signify intriguing alterations in mRNA expression, suggesting the potential of Jatropha tanjorensis in modulating the pathways regulating iron levels in the body.
