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ABSTRACT
The study was designed to investigate the potential impact of the aqueous fruit pulp extract derived from unripe 'Osu' (Picralima nitida) on the electrolyte level in a rat model. 'Osu' is a tropical fruit indigenous to West Africa, traditionally known for its medicinal properties. However, little scientific research has explored its effects on electrolyte homeostasis. We obtained 30 wistar rats and after passing them through an acclimatization phase, grouped them into 5 subchronic groups of 5 rats each and the last 5 were used as the control group. These rats where then given the extract of P. nitida with the help of a gavage for 30 days. The results revealed that rats in the low-dose 'Osu' extract group exhibited no significant alterations in their serum electrolyte levels compared to the control group. However, those given 1000mg and above of the 'Osu' extract group demonstrated a notable decrease in serum sodium (Na+) levels (p < 0.05) and a corresponding increase in serum potassium (K+) levels (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. Calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) levels had no significant difference in both treated groups. These findings suggest that the high-dose intake of aqueous fruit pulp extract from unripe 'Osu' may disrupt the electrolyte balance in rats, specifically affecting sodium and potassium levels. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and assess the safety and potential therapeutic applications of 'Osu' extract. This study highlights the need for cautious consideration of 'Osu' consumption in higher doses and its implications for electrolyte regulation.
