THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF TREATMENT WITH 25 mg/kg HYDRO-METHANOL OR 25 mg/kg ACETONE FRACTIONS OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA ON LIPID PROFILE OF L-NAME/STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE/DIABETIC MALE WISTAR RAT

ABSTRACT

This present study was aimed to investigate the comparative effect of treatment with 25mg/kg hydro-methanol or 25 mg/kg acetone fractions of Simarouba glauca on the lipid profile of L-NAME/ Streptozotocin induced hypertensive/Diabetic male Wistar rats. Fifty-Two male adult Wistar rats weighing between 120-150g were used. The results showed that the effect of treatment with 25mg/kg hydro-methanol or 25 mg/kg acetone fractions of S. glauca showed no significant difference in plasma total cholesterol levels (p>0.05) when Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic) was compared against Group I (Normontensive/Non-Diabetic) and Groups 111 (Hydro Methanol 25 mg/kg body weight) and IV (Acetone 25mg/kg body weight)  were compared against Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic) (P > 0.05). The hydro-methanol fraction showed great promise by significantly increasing plasma HDL cholesterol levels, whereas the acetone fraction had only a mild effect. There was significant differences among the following groups for Plasma HDL cholesterol. When Group I (Normontensive/Non-Diabetic) was compared against Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic)  (P < 0.05). Similarly when Groups 111 (Hydro Methanol 25 mg/kg body weight) and IV (Acetone 25mg/kg body weight) were compared against Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic) (P < 0.05). When Group III (Hydro Methanol 25 mg/kg body weight) was compared against Group IV  (Acetone 25mg/kg body weight), (P < 0.05). Both treatments helped reduce plasma LDL cholesterol levels, with the acetone fraction showing the most significant reduction.  There was significant differences among the following groups for plasma LDL cholesterol levels. When Group I (Normontensive/Non-Diabetic) was compared against Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic)  (P < 0.05). Similarly when Groups 111 (Hydro Methanol 25 mg/kg body weight) and IV (Acetone 25mg/kg body weight) were compared against Group II (Hypertensive/ Diabetic) (p < 0.05). There was no significant reduction or difference in plasma triglycerides (p>0.05). The heart lipid profile showed more resistance to treatment due to localization with the treatment showing no significant difference in the heart lipid profiles for triglyceride, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol levels. This results shows that while treatment influenced the plasma lipid profiles particularly by  hydro-methanol lowering heart triglycerides and acetone fraction reducing heart total cholesterol and LDL levels, treatment did not significantly impact heart lipid profiles.