ABSTRACT
Seismic interpretation data and applications are the key element of a rapid technological evolution in the remote sensing of the subsurface maps that has resulted in geoscientists movement from data poor to data rich Stewart, S. A. 1999. The proliferation of subsurface data has profoundly affected the productivity of oil exploration of industry within last two decade. This is radically improved of the ability to predict what lies beneath the earth surface, exploration and production.
The objectives of subsurface petroleum geology are to find and develop oil and gas reserves. These objectives are best achieved by the use and integration of all available data and the correct application of these data.
The purpose of subsurface mapping in the geology of petroleum Is to find traps that contain oil and gas pools and the information obtained from wells forms the heart of the data upon which subsurface geology depends, other information are obtained from :
(i) Geophysical surveys. (ii) Pressure and temperature surveys. (iii) The production history of producing oil and gas pools.
The research therefore seeks to characterize the reservoir in the field and determine key reservoir geometric properties across the field. It is also to delineate the extent and limit of the oil reservoir facies which is integrated with paleobathymetry data in inferring the environment of deposition (EOD), and to provide opportunities to new field development.
In this project, the method which can be used for subsurface mapping is majorly the geophysical methods which are used when the depth of exploration is very large, and also when the speed of investigation is of primary importance. These geophysical methods include: gravitational method, magnetic method, seismic refraction method and electrical resistivity method.
To select the right geophysical method, drilling provides direct information on the subsurface, and ground water sampling allows direct measurement of fluid chemistry. The information acquired is relatively straightforward to interpret and very tangible
