ABSTRACT

Malaria remains a significant public health burden in Africa, with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. This study investigates malaria mortality patterns across developing and underdeveloped African countries between 2015 and 2019, examining the impact of socioeconomic factors, age distribution, and temporal trends. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study and national malaria mortality surveys, with analyses conducted using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA.

The findings revealed a statistically significant difference in malaria mortality rates between developing and underdeveloped countries (p = 0.013), with underdeveloped nations experiencing higher mortality. Children under the age of 5 were identified as the most vulnerable group, accounting for the highest malaria mortality rates compared to other age groups. Trend analyses indicated a declining pattern in malaria mortality from 2015 to 2018, followed by a resurgence in 2019, highlighting fluctuating progress in control efforts.

These results underscore the complex interplay between development status, age, and temporal factors in shaping malaria mortality across Africa. Recommendations include prioritizing malaria control in underdeveloped countries, implementing age-specific interventions, sustaining and enhancing control efforts, addressing socioeconomic and environmental determinants, and strengthening health systems and community engagement. Coordinated and tailored strategies are crucial to mitigate the disproportionate burden of malaria mortality in vulnerable populations and regions