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ABSTRACT
The nature of civilians suffering in conflict affected areas has been appalling. Apart from the loss of lives and properties, thousands of civilians have fled their homes and are currently surviving under the shed of internally displaced persons in Rwanda, South Sudan and Nigeria. This research examines the protection of the rights of individuals in armed conflict situations. The research discusses the violation of human rights during armed conflict situations. It shows that the experiences civilians face represents infringements of international humanitarian law and human rights as civilian population in its whole. These experiences include torture, summary execution, abusive arrests, forced transfers, taking of hostages, threats and intimidations. The research also examines the legal provisions for the protection of the rights of individuals in armed conflict situations. International humanitarian law provides for the protection of civilians in times of armed conflict. The analysis of the relevant international and domestic laws and institutions in Nigeria, Rwanda and South Sudan indicates that there exists significant gaps between the existing international standards and implementation at the national level. However, it is an established fact that there have been some attention to the plight of civilians as regards the protection of human rights during armed conflict. This research therefore recommends that there should be a reform of the South Sudanese, Rwandan and Nigerian security sector and justice system to ensure that there is zero tolerance for human rights abuses during armed conflict situations.
