ABSTRACT
The oil from dried seeds of Calliandrasurrinamensis (pink powder puff) was investigated. The plant seeds were collected, dried and pulverized to fine powder weighing 3500g. The oil was extracted using n-hexane and solvent removed by rotary evaporator at less than 60oC. The concentration of fat soluble vitamins and the quality of some physicochemical properties of the plant seed oil were investigated. The result indicated that n-hexane extract of the plant seeds has peroxide value (pv) of (12.50±0.05) mg O2/g, saponification value (Sv) of (229.63±0.20)mgKOH/g, iodine value (Iv) of 83.13±0.02I2/g, and acid value of 42.31±0.27mgKOH/g. The seeds oil also indicatedthe proposed vitamins. It was observed that vitamin A has the highest concentration of 14.0mg/l at 325nm, vitamin E9.692mg/l at 529nm, vitamin(D3) 3.0mg/l at 264nm and vitamin K 1.462mg/l at 635nm respectively using UV – VS spectrophotometer. A refractive index and specific gravity of the seed were also taken out and it was observed that the oil has refractive index of 1.4954±0.00 and specific gravity of 0.8595.
The resultalso depicts some functional groups at their respective frequencies likely to be present in the vitamins analysed using the FTIR spectra. The OH stretch strong bond in alcohol occur at frequency of 3466.0cm-1, vinyl group of alkenes at 3065.6cm-1,vinylic group (=C – H) at 1609.9cm-1, the C – H bend of methyl groups at 1367.6cm-1and C – O stretch strong bond of 1o alcohol at 1068.3cm-1respectively. The carboxylic acid (R – C ) in retinoic acid occurs at frequency of 3745.8cm-1, OH group at 3385.9cm-1 and C = O of alkenes at 1600cm-1 etc. The aldehyde group (RCHO) in retinal occur at 2720cm-1, vinyl group (= C – H) of alkene at 3065.6cm-1, conjugated diene (= C – C = C –) of alkenes at 1609.9cm-1, and methylic (CH3) group at 1367.6cm-1. The OH stretch of alcohol in cholecalciferol (vit. D3) occur at 3174.0cm-1 while that of C – O stretch of 3o alcohol at 1172.4cm-1, the vinylic group (C = CH2) of alkene at 3063.5cm-1, while the conjugated dienes of alkenes was observed at 1609.9cm-1. Tocopherol (vit. E) has (C = C) overtone of the arenes at 2433.9cm-1 and 2278cm-1 respectively, 745.2cm-1 for 1,2, disubstitutedbenzene, 922.9cm-1 for the ether, while the alkyl and methyl group has frequency of 2842.9cm-1 and 1367.6cm-1 respectively. The spectral of vitamin K revealed the functional group of ketones appearing very strong at 1796.0cm-1, the alkenes very sharp at 1610cm-1 while the methyl group was observed at 1367.6cm-1 respectively.
The HPLC spectral analyzing two vitamins (D and E) in the seed oil extract indicates that vitamins E (tocopherol) with retention factor of 18.030, has the highest peak of 466.766m and peak area of 17588.1917m2 followed by vit. D3 and D2 which has retention factor of 21.823 peak height of 104.584 and peak area of 3894.4288m2 for D3, while D2 has retention factor 12.250, peak height of 157.804 and peak area of 5864.6563 for vitamin D2 respectively. The seed oil fromCalliandrasurinamensis therefore shows that the oil could have some medicinal, pharmaceutical and cosmetics values.
