PREVALENCE OF MALARIA PARASITE AMONG THE ELDERLY IN BENIN CITY, EDO STATE

ABSTRACT

Malaria remains a major global health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. While most studies focus on children and pregnant women, the elderly are also at high risk due to weakened immune systems and comorbidities. This study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors that contribute to Malaria infection among the elderly population in Benin City, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Benin City, involving 250 participants aged 50 years and above. Blood samples were collected, and thick blood smears were prepared for microscopic examination using Giemsa stain. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears was used to identify malaria parasites. This method is the primary diagnostic standard. Demographic and risk factor data were collected using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, with Chisquare tests and multivariate logistic regression determined. The study found a malaria prevalence rate of 27.2% among the elderly. No significant associations were found between malaria parasite presence and clinical symptoms or sociodemographic and environmental factors, or prior blood transfusions. In conclusion, the study highlights a considerable prevalence of malaria among the elderly in Benin City, underscoring the need for targeted interventions for this vulnerable population. Although no specific risk factors were statistically significant, the high prevalence emphasizes the importance of routine surveillance. The study recommends enhanced surveillance and the use of molecular diagnostics, tailored interventions for urban settings, and longitudinal studies to understand the long-term impact of risk factors. Public health education campaigns and improved healthcare access should also be prioritized.