ABSTRACT
Bacterial infections cause a high attendant mortality rate in broiler farming. From the mere observation of carcasses, the immediate causes are frequently uncertain or, at most, conjectural. In order to determine which bacterial pathogens are present in broiler carcasses and may have contributed to the animals’ demise, the current sturdy makes this effort .Each sample was subjected to heterotrophic bacterial counts. Standard protocols were used to identify the bacterial isolates, including morphological (shape, size, arrangement, staining property, motility, spore formation), colonial (texture, elevation, margins, and color), and biochemical (catalase, oxidase, citrate utilization, urease, indole production, and galatine hydrolysis tests) characteristic analysis. It was determined whether bacterial isolates were sensitive to common antibacterial agents such as augmentin, nitrofurantoin, cefuroxime, gentamicine, ofloxacine, ciprofloxacin, septrin, and amoxicillin, galactose activities were also measured. A total of five (5) broiler samples were collected and transported to the laboratory for bacteriological analysis. The total bacteria count of the dropping samples. Ranging from 1.24 × 107 CFU/ml–1.39 × 107 CFU/ml was considerably high compared to counts from intestine ranging from 7.9×10³ CFU/ml and throat ranging from 4.85 ×10³. Bacterial species isolated includes Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Lactobacillu ssp., Micrococcus and Proteus mirabilis. S. aureus was the most frequently isolated with a high occurrence of 6(30%) in droppings, 4(20%) in Intestine and least in throat 1(5%), Streptococcus sp. was only isolated in droppings with an occurrence of 2(15%), Lactobacillus sp. 2(15%), Escherichia coli 1(5%), Micrococcus sp. 2(10%) while Salmonella sp. 2(10%). The susceptibility for bacterial isolate aureus revealed that all the isolates were (100%) resistant to Azithromycine, Ampicilin and Erythromycin while they were (100%) sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Lactobacillus sp. showed a high sensitivity (100) to a wide range of antimicrobial drugs including, Azihromycin, Ampicilin, Erythromycin and Azithromycine. The susceptibility of Escherichia coli showed high resistance to Ampicilin Erythromycin and Azithromycin but sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Levoflaxin1 (50).With the high mortality rate of colibacillosis and the spread of zoonotic agents like Salmonella, Yersinia, and Escherichia coli, the presence of Enterobacteriaceae in broiler feces and subsequently in the broilers presents a serious threat to both public health and the economy. Enterobacteriaceae, in particular E. coli found in intensive broiler production, are developing resistance to multiple antibacterial agents that are important to human health. Antibiotic resistance is a rapidly growing problem in this family of bacteria. The most significant risk, is how to prevent and control infectious diseases in chickens. It is also possible xi to say that farms that raise broilers should be routinely inspected for the presence of pathogens, and that appropriate biosecurity measures should be implemented.
