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ABSTRACT
An experiment to monitor polymorphism in the growth hormone (GH) gene of goat was carried out using 4 genotypes of goats in Southern Nigeria including Red Sokoto, West African Long legged, West African Dwarf, and a Crossbreed of Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf through DNA extraction and Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing of the Growth Hormone (GH) gene of the four (4) genotypes. Five (5) adult goats were used for the study. The study was carried out at the Goat unit of the Farm Project, University of Benin, Benin-City and Aduwawa Cattle Market, Benin City. About 2ml of blood sample from each goat was aseptically collected from the jugular vein, separately into tubes that contained EDTA as an anticoagulant, using sterile needle. Blood samples were transported to Inqaba Biotech West Africa LTD in Ibadan, Oyo State for DNA extraction and analysis. The results showed a total of 5 single base variations comprising 3 deletions and 2 substitutions in the growth hormone Gene sequences from the breeds of goats with Insertion-Deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) in the study animals in the University of Benin Teaching and research Farm. The results showed Deletion at positions 5-9 for Red Sokoto, position 18 for Red Sokoto, African Dwarf and the Crossbred goats and position 339 for WAD. Two Cytosine to Adenine (C > A) substitutions were observed at positions 5 and 308 in the crossbred goat. From the results of the study, it was suggested that more extensive population studies across different breeds and regions to gain a better understanding of the frequency and distribution of the genetic polymorphisms in the GH gene in goats is needed. The need to investigate the functional implications of these genetic polymorphisms by examining their association with different traits in goats was also advocated.
