ABSTRACT

Anthonotha macrophylla (AM) is use in folkloric medicine for treating broad range of ailments. Its use in the treatment of tumor led to the evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity in relation to the phytochemicals identified from the leaves extract. Standard documented and chromatographic methods were used to screen for the phytochemicals and its identification. Effect on Sorghum bicolor radicles were utilized to ascertain the anti-proliferative potentials of the methanol extract and ethylacetate fraction of AM. Phytochemical screening reviewed alkaloids, tannin, flavonoid, steroid, glycoside and saponin. HPLC analysis displayed kaempferol, narigenin, quercetin and catechin, while GC-MS analysis revealed 3-aminopyrrolidine (96.44 %). Methanol leaves extract of AM (1 mg/mL) suppressed the growing radicles by 1.55 % (1.27 ± 0.14) within 24 hours, this increased to 35.97 % (12.10 ± 0.87) in 96 hours. Also 16 mg/mL of the methanol extract, significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 31.78 % (0.88 ± 0.08) in 24 hours, this increased to 57.30 % (8.07 ± 0.42) after 96 hour. Ethylacetate fraction (1 mg/mL) of AM significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 13.44 % (3.93 ± 0.20) in 48 hours, which increased to 25.09 % (6.30 ± 0.39) in 96 hours. At a higher dose of 16 mg/mL, ethylacetate fraction significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 69.60 % (1.38 ± 0.16) in 48 hours, which increased to 77.41 % (1.90 ± 0.16) after 96 hour. Thus indicating that the leaves of AM possess phytochemicals with anti-proliferative potential.