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ABSTRACT
Background: Pyrenacantha staudtii Hutch and Dalz has been used for its medicinal properties especially in African. These medicinal properties can be due to its antioxidant properties and phytochemicals present in the plant. In Africa, especially Nigeria people believe that plants taken to cure sickness are always safe and more economical but they are unaware of their toxic effects. Hematological indices are important parameters that are used to evaluate the degree of toxicity on cellular components of blood. Aim: To determine the phytochemical present, ascertain its antioxidant activity and to evaluate its effect on hematological parameters using Albino rats. Methodology: The phytochemical antioxidant, and toxicity studies were carried out using standard procedures. Results: Alkaloids, tannis, saponin, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, reducing sugar and carbohydrates was found in the plant, the plant has antioxidant power of 83.77mMFSE/100g. No significant difference statistically (p>0.05) was observed for WBC and its differentials when compared to control. For RBC, HCT, HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC, PLT, RWD, PDW, MPV it also showed no significant difference compared to the control whereas PCT and P-LCR decreased significantly when compared to the control (p<0.05). Conclusion: The plant has phytochemical compounds that could be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant and the oral administration of the extract decreases PCT and PLCR as the concentration increases while no significant difference was observed at low and high dose on hematological parameters.
