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ABSTRACT
Medicinal use of plants and its extract has helped mankind in treatment of many ailment which include infectious diseases, over the years .Terminalia catappa is a medicinal plant used to treat various diseases like diabetics,hypertension and microbial infections.
This present study investigated the phytochemistry,pharmacological and hypotensive effects of extracts of Terminalia catappa ,The study was carried out in three phases; Extraction,isolation of phytochemicals ,phytochemistry profiling by Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry( GC-MS) and exposure of aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa to normotensive rats.The experimental set up comprised of a control group and three(3) test groups exposed to aqueous stem bark extract in doses 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively. Cardiovascular parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP) mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured in conscious rats by tail cuff method using a non-invasive blood pressure apparatus (NIBP) attached. The result from this study revealed that GC-MS spectra of compound found in the methanol extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)library. The analysis revealed thirty-nine compounds including, n-hexadecanoic acid (8.43 %) and 9-octadecanoic acid (8.78%), as the most predominant compounds. After three weeks of exposure of aqueous extract to normotensive rats results revealed that there is a dose dependent decrease in SBP, DBP, although the decrease in not significant compared to control group. The result revealed that the plant contains active compounds of medicinal potentials and may possess antihypertensive activity that is dose dependent.
