ABSTRACT

Access to clean and safe water, along with good hygiene practices, stands as an indispensable cornerstone of well-being, particularly for individuals residing in diverse communities like Ekosodin. This study offers a thorough evaluation of both water quality and hygiene conditions within the Ekosodin community, situated in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State. The research involved the collection of water samples from multiple locations, followed by the application of standard analytical techniques to assess their physicochemical attributes. Additionally, bacteriological methods were employed to examine the microbial qualities of these water samples. The results indicate that the pH values of water samples collected from the community varied within the range of 4.49 to 5.74. Dissolved oxygen(DO) ranged from 6.4mg/l to 6.9mg/l. The electrical conductivity (EC) values ranged from 37.2 µS/cm to 145.6 µS/cm. Notably, the turbidity levels were found to be higher than the permissible standard set by the World Health Organization (WHO), which is <1 NTU, with readings ranging from 3.5 to 11 NTU. Magnesium(Mg) concentrations ranged from 0.02 mg/l to 0.99 mg/l. Interestingly, chromium was not detected in any of the water samples.  While most water parameters met WHO guidelines, elevated turbidity in certain locations raised concerns. The nitrate concentration in the water samples ranged from 3.91 mg/l to 45.73 mg/l. The heterotrophic bacterial count showed a broad range, with values spanning from 6.50 cfu/100ml to 264.0 cfu/100ml. Similarly, the total coliform count ranged from 6.50 cfu/100ml to 241.0 cfu/100ml. Bacterial analysis identified contamination, including Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella enterica, Serratia marcescens, and Bacillus subtilis, Results from the questionnaire survey unveiled a community characterized by a predominantly female population, a significant presence of young adults, and diverse education levels among its members. These demographic factors wield substantial influence over community development and the design of effective health interventions. Notably, the survey highlighted encouraging hygiene practices, particularly the consistent use of handwashing with soap, aligning well with established disease prevention guidelines. This study highlights the importance of clean water, sanitation, and good hygiene for public health. It points out areas where water quality can be better and where people need more education about hygiene. This information helps us understand the health issues in the community and how to make things better for everyone.