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ABSTRACT
Oxygen is an essential element for life and without oxygen humans can survive for few minutes only, Oxygen saturation is the percentage of oxygen-saturated haemoglobin in relation to the total amount of haemoglobin (unsaturated + saturated) in the blood. The level of oxygen in the blood must be precisely balanced and regulated by the human body. Humans typically have arterial blood oxygen saturation levels between 97 and 100 percent.At the molecular level, hemoglobin consists of four globular protein subunits. Each subunit is associated with a heme group. This study is aimed at determining the oxygen saturation before and after execise in individual with varying body mass index.Hypoxemia and hypoxia are conditions characterised by decreased oxygen concentrations in arterial blood and peripheral tissues, respectively.These conditions can occur in people who have been exposed to high altitudes, diving accidents, near drownings, carbon monoxide poisoning, or illnesses that impair the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. Hypoxemia and hypoxia can cause organ malfunction and finally death if left untreated. The research will help educate individuals with health issues that is linked to respiratory illnesses and cardiovascular diseases especially people that are overweight and obese with BMI (25-30 & >30) kg/m2 ,Also to know the extent to which they need to exercise themselves and also take necessary health measures to manage their health in order to avoid future health diseases linked to obesity and oxygen saturation. 60 adults was the study population for this research and they were catergorized into 4 group of underweight, healty weight, overweight and obesity,each comprising 15 persons each according to the BMI they fall under.there was a significant decrease in oxygen saturation for overweight compared to normal weight though there was no significant difference observed with underweight and obesity compared with normal weight respectively of BMI before exercise . there was no significant difference observed in oxygen saturation on the different category of BMI compared to normal weight respectively.there was a significant increase of oxygen saturation of BMI before and after exercise of young adults post-exercise with pre-exercise on normal weight and overweight respectively. However there was no significant difference in post-exercise compared with pre-exercise on underweight and obesity respectively.
This study has shown that there is a difference in oxygen saturation for individuals body mass index before and after exercise.
Exercise affect oxygen saturation irrespective of body mass index hence regular exercise with consideration of other factors is recommended to boost oxygen saturation and invariably leading to a better health outcome.
