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Bisphenol A (BPA) is a toxic chemical component that is widely used for the industrial production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin. Based on the existing evidence, BPA is known to induce cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders. Behavioral changes caused by BPA in animal models are largely consistent with human behaviors associated with BPA exposure, including hyperactivity, body weight and learning deficits. Flavonoids such as Naringenin (NAR) have been shown to have biological activity against a variety of illnesses. Naringenin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, grapefruit, cherries and tomato skin. It is a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible neuroprotective role of NAR after damage through BPA induced behavioral and movement disorders in Wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group I is control, Group II is BPA-treated rats (50 mg/kg/day), Group III is NAR (100 mg/kg/day) and Group IV is NAR (1 HR + BPA). Cognitive functions and behavioral disorders were evaluated using open-field apparatus. Novel object recognition test was used to evaluate recognition memory and novel exploratory behaviour. All data obtained during the experiment were analyzed using Graphpad prism 8.0 software and analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet multiple comparism post hoc test used to compare results between groups. A significant decrease in rearing and grooming activities, locomotor activity and novel object recognition were observed in the BPA-treated group in comparison with the control group where there was increase in rearing and grooming activities, locomotor activity and novel object recognition. Also, the pre-treatment of NAR (100 mg/kg) prior to BPA administrations antagonized the effect of BPA on the behavioral parameters. In conclusion, the present study highlighted the neuroprotective potential of NAR against BPA-induced cognitive impairment. NAR reversed BPA-induced cognitive impairment in Wistar rats. The multitude effects of NAR intensely supported its neuroprotective effects against BPA-induced cognitive dysfunction.
