ABSTRACT

Heavy metal contamination poses a significant public health threat, with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) recognized for their persistent and deleterious effects. This research investigates the potential of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) to chelate and mitigate Pb and Cd toxicity in Wistar rats. The study outlines the background, research problem, and the importance of exploring natural chelators as safer, cost-effective alternatives to conventional therapies, it examines the toxicodynamics of Pb and Cd, detailing their impacts on hematological, hepatic, and reproductive systems, while also highlighting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and testicular protective properties of Zn and Se.  Twenty-five male albino Wistar rats are divided into distinct groups—including controls, heavy metal exposure of lead and cadmium, and various supplementation regimens which are Zinc and selenium—to assess lead and cadmium toxicity level in parameters such as body weight changes, biochemical indices, lipid peroxidation, and sperm morphology using standardized assays. Dose levels of lead and cadmium were calculated and exposed to the rats through their drinking water, while zinc and selenium doses were calculated and administered to them. Results indicate that Pb and Cd exposure significantly impairs physiological and biochemical functions, whereas individual supplementation with Zn or Se markedly ameliorates these effects. This research work interprets these findings in the context of metal chelation and oxidative stress reduction. The study concludes that Zn and Se hold promise as therapeutic agents against Pb and Cd-induced damage, offering valuable insights for environmental and public health interventions.