ABSTRACT

Presently, Nigeria is plagued or rather beset with a lot of security challenges affecting commuters, farmer, schools, communities, churches and mosques, families, etc. these challenges can be tackled or mitigated through surveillance and monitoring of ungoverned spaces discretely by the use of Drones. Today drones are popular and ubiquitous but are technological marvel that are not being produced in Nigeria they can be used for both surveillance and monitoring. A drone was assembled from parts bought abroad. the drone was then programmed to achieve stable flight.

The drone consists of components such as motors, generating (2.5Kg torque) at 12000rpm maximum, propellers of dimension (9 X 4.5), Pixhawk 2.4.8 flight controller with 4G memory 168 MHZ, PWM to PPM converter, GPS navigation system, and the F450 drone frame. By harnessing these components, the drone system aims to significantly contribute to Nigeria's security framework, particularly in combating rising insecurity challenges. After assembling the drone it was weighed, programmed and debugged with C++ language using Arduino integrated development environment. Test for torque, lifting off, stability, flight ceiling and distance. The major gap bridge or rather achievement in this project was locally developing the functioning algorithm for the functionality of the drone. Through rigorous testing, the drone has demonstrated successful flight operations, showcasing commendable stability and maneuverability crucial for surveillance missions

However, challenges persist, notably in scenarios of connection loss leading to potential crashes. Such drawbacks underline the necessity for further enhancements, including redundancy systems, fail-safes, and improved communication protocols to mitigate risks and ensure operational reliability. Recommendations for future iterations encompass the integration of a perching mechanism to enhance versatility and endurance, advanced camera systems for enhanced reconnaissance capabilities, and the incorporation of obstacle avoidance technology to navigate complex environments. This project represents a pivotal step towards bolstering security in Nigeria, emphasizing the importance of local innovation in addressing contemporary security challenges. To maximize its impact, continuous improvement and collaboration with relevant stakeholders are imperative. By leveraging emerging technologies and refining operational strategies, this project holds immense potential to enhance situational awareness, response capabilities, and ultimately contribute to a safer and more secure Nigeria.