ABSTRACT
The Internet of things (IoT) is the term used to describe a network of physical items, or "things," that are connected to and exchange data with other systems and devices over the Internet. Additionally, these physical objects are given unique identifiers (UIDs) and the capability to transport data gathered across a network without necessitating human-to-human or human-tocomputer interaction (Emodi, 2015). The Node microcontroller unit (NodeMcu) was used in this project to build and implement a smart IoT-based solar inverter. A low-cost System-on-a-Chip (SOC) called the ESP8266 serves as the foundation of the open-source NodeMcu (Node Microcontroller Unit). An inverter unit driven by solar energy is one of the components and methods used in this project. Connector chains make up this unit. The charge controller and solar panel are first connected. To prevent the battery bank from being overcharged, the charge controller's main job is to do so. This is accomplished by keeping an eye on the battery bank; when the bank is fully charged, the charge controller sends power from the charged battery bank to a (diversion) load. After that, the inverter is linked to the battery, which is now charged. The inverter's job is to change the battery's Direct Current (DC) power supply into an Alternating Current (AC) power supply, which is what offices and homes can use. The energy metre and inverter are then joined. The energy metre used to measure voltage, current, power, energy, and frequency is the PZEM004T V3. Using a microcontroller unit, power factor (also known as frequency and PF) is incorporated in the new version. By connecting the system to the Internet via Wi-Fi, the Node microcontroller unit (NodeMcu), which enables IoT incorporation, is made up of a 32-bit controller and an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. A mobile application interface can be used to obtain the data, which includes the current measurement, the load on each outlet, and the inverter system's battery level. Then it may be watched over and managed from a distance (Gopal, 2020).
