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ABSTRACT
Picralima nitida and Sida acuta has widely varied applications in Nigerian folk medicine. Many herbalists have claimed to use the leaves, seeds,stem bark as treatment for fever, hypertention, jaundice, gastrointestinal disorders, malaria, tumour related diseases, the study was designed to determine the free radical scavenging activity effects of the crude extracts. The study investigated the phytochemical constituents and quantitative parameters of the crude powdered plant samples according to standard methods. Methanol was uses in the extraction of the root back extract. The antioxidant activities of the extract and were evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. Polyphenolic contents (total phenol and flavonoid). Polyphenolic contents were expressed as milligram of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of extract ( mg GAE/g extract) for total phenol and as milligram quercertin equivalents (QE) per gramof extract ( mg GAE/g extract) for total flavonoid. Phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. S.acuta had all the above constituents including tanins present whereas P. nitda has absence tanins.this investigation show that S. acuta possesses flavonoids and phenolics 60mgQE/gExtract and 13mgGAE/Extract respectively and P. nitida flavonoids and phenolics are 50mgQE/gExtract and 20mgQE/gExtract respectively in concentrations of and mg/gallic . Confirming that they both possesses phenolics an flavonoids and could potentially be sources of antioxidant potential. The results showed that both plant extracts had significant antioxidant activity, the methanol extracts showing higher activity. The study concludes that the methanol extracts of Picralima nitida and Sida acuta could potentially be sources of natural antioxidants for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stressrelated diseases.
