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ABSTRACT
Chalcones are organic compounds which consist of two aromatic rings bridged by a highly electrophilic three-carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system. They are abundant in plants such as fruits, vegetables and nuts. In nature they serve as intermediates in the biosynthesis of many useful organic compounds such as flavonoids. Because of their unique structural configurations, they are capable of been developed into compounds of various uses besides their medicinal applications.
In this study, two chalcones (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one and chalcone (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one was synthesized using Claisen Schmidt condensation reaction method where p-chlorobenzaldehyde was reacted acetophenone, and benzaldehyde was reacted with p-methoxyacetophenone respectively.
The pesticidal activity of the synthesized chalcones against cowpea weevil (callosobruchus maculatu) was investigated using dichloromethane as the vehicle. Chalcone (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one and chalcone (E) -1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one showed excellent pesticidal activity against the cowpea weevil at 5%. The results showed 80% and 100% average mortality for 2% and 5% w/v of (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one after 24 hours while 53.3% and 100% average mortality was observed for 2% and 5% w/v of (E) -1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one respectively after 24 hours.
This result suggests that chalcone (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one and chalcone (E) -1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one have the potential of being developed into pesticidal agents.
