ABSTRACT
The role of criminal justice system and the complex network of human trafficking in Benin City, Nigeria, is the goal of this qualitative research work. This study takes a comprehensive approach and is informed by the strain theory and rational choice theory. This study examines the experiences and viewpoints of survivors, law enforcement legal experts, and human rights advocates in the context of human trafficking through in-depth interviews and the analysis of key documents. The findings of the study highlight the intricate interplay of social, economic, and structural elements that support the persistence of human trafficking in this area. The application of strain theory demonstrates how economic inequities, a lack of opportunity, and societal pressure can drive individuals to seek alternatives, often leading to their capture by traffickers. According to structural functionalism theory, the role of social institutions is elucidated, suggesting that the criminal justice system is an important component of society, sometimes it fails to address the core causes of human trafficking fully. Rational choice theory emphasizes both traffickers' and victims' decision-making processes, putting light on the calculated risks and advantages connected with trafficking activities. Finally, this study emphasizes the critical need for a comprehensive approach to combating human trafficking in Benin City, Nigeria. Which might advance towards more effective prevention, prosecution, and victim assistance systems by addressing underlying social and economic stresses, increasing the functionality of the criminal justice system, and recognizing the rational decisions made by all parties involved? The study tends to contribute to academic knowledge on human trafficking, and also provides actionable insights for policymakers, law enforcement, and civil society organizations committed to ending this heinous human rights violation.
