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ABSTRACT
Colon cancer represents a significant global health challenge, necessitating ongoing efforts to identify novel therapeutic agents. This study focuses on the evaluation of the methanol extract of Ficus Exasperata in a rat model of colon cancer induced by the potent carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine,(DMH). To gain insights into the potential anticancer properties of Ficus Exasperata, Albino male Wistar rats were divided into eight experimental groups, with one of the groups being treated with the standard cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil. Over the course of 11 weeks, the methanol extract of Ficus Exasperata was administered daily to various experimental groups. One of the central parameters studied was the impact of this extract on total protein levels in the colon tissues of the rats, with a specific focus on its potential to modulate cancer-related processes. The results revealed significant alterations (p < 0.05) in total protein levels in two of the experimental groups compared to the control, suggesting that the methanol extract of Ficus Exasperata may possess properties that influence protein expression or metabolism within colon tissue. This observation provides valuable insights into the potential mechanisms through which this extract may exert its anticancer effects. Furthermore, this study examined the antioxidant status in the colon tissues by measuring catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in catalase and SOD levels among the experimental groups. This outcome suggests that the extract's impact on total protein levels may be independent of its effects on these specific antioxidants. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge surrounding natural compounds with potential anticancer properties and encourages further research into their applications in oncology.
