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ABSTRACT
The need for environmental protection during episodes of armed conflict in Nigeria is brought to the fore as a result of the environmentally disastrous activities of the Boko haram in the Northeast of Nigeria and the Niger delta Militants in the Southside of Nigeria, ranging from bombings and oil spill from vandalized pipelines that messes with the topography of the land and leads to climate change, depletion of the ozone layer as result of the type of toxins released in the air, deforestation, desertification, reduced biodiversity, erosion, flooding and drought. In Nigeria, there are provisions available for the protection of the environment as seen in the 1999 Constitution of the Republic of Nigeria and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Agency (NESREA) Act 2007. However, there are no regulations afforded by these domestic acts for the protection of the environment during these conflicts as all efforts are usually geared towards protection just the people Nonetheless, there are International and Regional Regulations provided to serve as protection for the environment during armed conflict. The International regulations falling under the umbrella of International Humanitarian Law vary from Hague Regulations of 1907 to ENMOD Convention of 1979, 1977 Additional Protocols I and II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal court 1998. The Regional regulations available to protect, preserve and rehabilitate the environment fall under the African Union Laws include the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources 1968, Bamako Convention, The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) 2001, the Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region, 2006 and The EAC Treaty of 1999. The objective of this research is to encourage the domestic implementation of these International and Regional regulations in the Nigerian Environmental laws as it is imperative that measures be put in place to ensure environmental protection, preservation and rehabilitation.
