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ABSTRACT
The modified embedded atom method is a method to finding the surface energy of metals.Surface energy refers to the excess energy present at the surface of a material compared to its bulk. In other words, it’s the energy required to create a unit area of new surface. Surface energy plays a crucial role in determining the behavior of materials at the nanoscale and influences phenomena such as surface roughness, crystal growth, adhesion, and more. As a result, the surface energy of bcc metals can exhibit distinct values depending on how the crystallographic planes are exposed at the surface. Some orientations might have lower surface energy, making them more stable, while others might have higher surface energy, making them less stable.
The modified embedded atom method is used in this study to evaluate the surface energy of certain metals with regard to their crystallographic planes and surfaces (100), (110) and (111).
