ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the liver, ranging from mild abnormalities in the heart function, to severe, life-threatening conditions such as stroke and coronary artery disease. Given the hearts central role in Pumping blood, maintaining blood pressure, Circulatory system coordination and Oxygenation, early detection and monitoring of heart dysfunction are crucial for effective management and prevention of complications. Therefore, this study aims to determine the levels of cholesterol, High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides in patients in the cardiology unit at the university of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state. A total of eighty (80) participants comprising of forty (40) subjects with various forms of liver disease and forty (40) apparently healthy individuals in Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria, having et the inclusion criteria were selected to participate in the study. Five (5) milliliters of blood was collected using standard venipuncture technique and analyzed for total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels spectrometrically. Demographic and clinical data, including age, gender, lifestyle modifications, and medication history, were collected via questionnaires. Data obtained was analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The results showed that participants with cardiovascular diseases (248.26±10.07) showed significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol compared to the control group (184.55±4.81) (p<0.001). Participants with cardiovascular diseases (105.67±8.37) showed significantly elevated levels of triglyceride compared to the control group (82.47±2.76) (p<0.012). Participants with cardiovascular diseases (184.10±9.68) showed significantly elevated levels of LDL-C compared to the control group (111.92±4.43) (p<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in HDL-C levels between the control group and participants with cardiovascular disease (46.36±3.30) 185). Participants with cardiovascular diseases (10087.18±200.11) showed significantly elevated white blood cell count compared to the control group (7699.47± 69.77) (p<0.001). However, platelet count and hemoglobin levels showed no statistically significant difference between the participants with cardiovascular disease (281153.85 ± 3770.87, 12.32 ± 0.19 respectively) when compared to the control group (269978.95 ± 3404.06, respectively) (p>0.05). In conclusion, this study revealed elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides among cardiovascular disease patients. However, no significant difference was observed in HDL-C levels. White blood cell count was significantly higher in cardiovascular disease patients, indicating a potential inflammatory component in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. valuable insights into the sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, distribution of cardiovascular diseases, and lipid profile parameters among patients with cardiovascular diseases at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive risk assessment, lifestyle modification, and lipid management in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
