EVALUATION OF BANANA PEEL EXTRACT AS A POTENTIAL CHELATING AGENT TO LEAD AND CADMIUM CO-INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR RAT

ABSTRACT

The peel wastes from fruit may contain the same valuable components generally found in fruit. These valuable substances may be used to formulate preparations with pharmacologic/ medicinal, nutritive, and energy values. The aim of this study was to investigate the chelating potential of banana peel extract on lead and cadmium co-induced toxicity. The fresh banana fruits were obtained from a local market (Oba market Oredo) Local Government of Edo state. The peel was extracted using ethanol. 25 rats were randomly selected and put into 5 groups. The first group served as the control group and was administered distilled water. The second group was administered lead and cadmium, the third group was administered zinc with lead and cadmium, the fourth and fifth group were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg banana peel extract with lead and cadmium respectively. After 28days of administration, the rats were fasted overnight and then sacrificed. Blood and liver were collected for laboratory analysis. The following test were carried out; lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes (MDA, SOD, CAT and GPx), liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST). From the result, the administration of banana peel extract showed significant increase at (p > 0.05) in bilirubin levels at dosage of 400mg/kg when compared to control while the other dose (200mg/kg) showed decrease at significant (p > 0.05) in total protein level, bilirubin and total bilirubin level in the liver on male albino rat when compared to control. Also the banana peel extract at dosage of 400 mg/ml showed increase at significant (p > 0.05) in ALP AST level in the liver on male albino rat when compared to control while at a dosage of 200 mg/kg showed decrease in ALP ALT level in the liver on male albino rat when compared to control. In the lipid peroxidation the banana peel extract showed increase showed decrease in MDA and GPx level and increase in SOD and CAT level on male albino rat. The protective effect of banana peel against cadmium and lead toxicity, owing to its phenol and flavonoid content represents a potential agent for treating heavy metal-related health conditions.