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Nanotechnology deals with the characterization, design, production, and applications of nanostructures, nano-devices, and nano-systems (Tarafdar J. C. et al., 2013). Nanoparticles have a very high surface-to-volume ratio, a unique property for drug delivery of antimicrobial drugs. The present investigation aimed to study the antimicrobial potential of ethanol extract and zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Eichornia crassipes. This work describes the green synthesis technique, a plant-mediated approach for manufacturing zinc oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by utilizing the Nitrate derivative of Zinc and ethanol plant extract of the indigenous medicinal plant Eichornia crassipes. 0.1mM of Zn (NO3)2.6H20(Zinc nitrate hexahydrate) was made to react with the plant extract at different concentrations, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 60°C. The resulting yellow paste was thoroughly dried, gathered, and packaged for further investigation. Zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit an absorption peak at 331nm in the UV visible spectrum analyzer (UV-Vis). The antimicrobial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis. The result showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles, zinc nitrate salt, and a mixture of zinc nitrate salt and plant extract harbor significant antimicrobial activity on Bacillus subtillis. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in zinc oxide nanoparticles against Bacillus subtillis with a zone of inhibition of 35mm. Modern nanotechnology allows obtaining zinc oxide nano-materials with unique properties that let its use in a wide range of commercial applications. The study showed that Zinc nanoparticles could be synthesised using the leaf extract of Eichorina Crassipes. The zones of inhibition of zinc nanoparticles were higher when compared to other mixtures, showing the zinc nanoparticles' increased antimicrobial properties.
