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ABSTRACT
Spray paint is a versatile and convenient option for a variety of painting applications. The ingredients in spray paint can vary depending on the type and brand but typically include three main components: the pigment, the solvent, and the propellant. The solvents are volatile and evaporate easily. The common solvents used in spray paint include toluene, xylene, and acetone. These are Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that make spray paint fumes toxic. Thereby creating a risk of inhalation into the lungs, which can cause respiratory problems. Garcinia kola is a therapeutic plant containing a variety of phytochemicals including bioflavonoids such as kolaviron, which possess antioxidant and scavenging properties. This research was aimed at investigating the effects of Garcinia kola seed aqueous extract on Spray paint-induced damage to the lungs in adult Wistar rats. For this study, thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five groups (labeled A-E), each containing six rats. Group A served as the control group. Group B was exposed to Spray paint in an enclosed space daily. Group C was administered 500 mg/Kg BW of Garcinia kola seed aqueous extract only. Group D was administered 250 mg/Kg BW of Garcinia kola seed aqueous extract and then exposed to Spray paint in an enclosed space afterward. Group E was administered 500 mg/Kg BW of Garcinia kola seed aqueous extract and then exposed to Spray paint in an enclosed space afterward. The experiment lasted for forty-two days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia. Blood samples were collected for hematological assay. The lungs were harvested for histological assessment. Rats exposed to Spray paint only showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in white blood cell, lymphocyte count, platelet count, and Platelet Distribution Width. Histological results showed that Spray paint exposure led to inflammation and vascular disturbances which were evident as alveolar dilation, vascular ulceration and congestion, interstitial hemorrhage, and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrates. However, rats pre-treated with G. kola seed extract displayed a significant decrease in Platelet Distribution Width. Results also showed.
