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Abstract
Picralima nitida is a therapeutic herb used in ethnomedicine for the management of several disease conditions including diabetes. This study examined the acute and Subchronic toxicity of aqueous extract derived from the stem bark of Picralima nitida in normal rats.Thirty (30) male adult rat were used in this experiment and they were grouped into six (6) with 5 adult male rats per group; administered dose of 150, 300, 800, 2000 and 5000mg/kg and control group given distilled water and pellet. The biochemical assay revealed that the effect of different doses of aqueous extracts of P. nitida on kidney and liver antioxidant enzyme activity with the samples (normal control, 150mg/kg, 300mg/kg,800mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, 5000mg/kg) shows there is no statistically significant different (p>0.05) in the GPX, GSH, and MDA. However, there was an increase in GPx and GSH, but there was a reduction in MDA. Administering graded doses of Picralima nitida aqueous extract to adult rats caused dose-dependent increases in blood flow and vasodilation in various organs. The liver and kidney cells remained normal, but some doses led to liver inflammation (portal hepatitis), characterized by vascular congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and bile duct changes. This inflammation decreased at higher doses, suggesting that Picralima nitida significantly (p<0.05) affects vascular activity, with its impact on liver inflammation diminishing at higher concentrations. Despite rigorous analysis, no statistically significant differences were found between the experimental groups/conditions. These findings suggest [potential implications or insights].
