EFFECT OF YOYO CLEANSER BITTERS ON THE LEVEL OF INFLAMMATION AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN MALE WISTAR RAT FED A HIGH FRUCTOSE DIET

ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress and inflammation are recognized to have a significant role in illnesses or conditions of metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic Syndromes commonly characterized by oxidative stress, a situation in which an imbalance arises between the generation and inactivation of reactive oxygen species. Statins, such as atorvastatin, have shown significant changes in lowering oxidative stress, but they may have side effects and limitations. This project aimed at investigating the potential antioxidant effects of Yoyo cleanser bitters, a traditional herbal remedy, in a rat model of oxidative stress induced by a high fructose diet. The study included a positive control group treated with atorvastatin. Male wistar rats were divided into four groups: a control group (standard diet), a high fructose diet group, a yoyo cleanser bitters treatment group, and an atorvastatin treatment group. The experimental period lasted for four weeks. Parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), high sensitivity C reactive protein (Hs-CRP) levels were measured after the experiment. The results of the experiment highlighted that a high fructose diet significantly elevated the cholesterol levels and oxidative stress in the rat model, mirroring the metabolic syndrome conditions often observed in humans. The results also revealed that the high fructose diet did not affect feed efficiency in all the groups significantly but altered appetite and increased or decreased fluid consumption in some cases. MDA and Hs-CRP levels were significantly elevated in the negative control group (Group 2 - fed a high fructose diet). Atorvastatin had no significant effects on the MDA levels in Group 3 when compared with Group 2. TCA levels was observed to have decreased significantly in the negative control group  signifying the development of metabolic Syndrome. Yoyo cleanser bitters however, displayed strong anti-oxidative characteristics which is most likely related to the presence of phytochemicals in the yoyo cleanser bitters.