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ABSTRACT
Piper guineense is a tropical plant known for its diverse pharmacological properties. Extracts and compounds from Piper guineense have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Understanding how Piper guineense leaf extract influences gene expression and enzymatic activity in Drosophila melanogaster can provide valuable insights into its potential health benefits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of varied concentration of Piper guineense on Domino gene expression in mediating hematopoiesis and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in Drosophila melanogaster. A total of one hundred and forty (140) flies were divided into four (4) groups; A, B, C and D representing 100mg group, 200mg group, control and 400mg group. mRNA of domino and SOD activity was determined using polymerase chain reaction and colorimetric method respectively. Data generated was analyzed using graph pad prism (version 8.02, California, USA). The result showed that there was significant decrease (p<0.01) in domino expression in the group administered 400mg ofPiper guineensewhen compared to the control group. The experimental group that received 100mg and 200mg ofPiper guineense had a significantly higher (p<0.01) domino expression when compared to the groups administered 400mg ofPiper guineense (p<0.05). Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of Drosophila melanogaster administered 200mg ofPiper guineense when compared to control. The groups administered 100mg (190.01±18.18) and 400mg (306.43±1.31) of Piper guineense had significantly higher SOD levels when compared to control (434.3±52.53) (p<0.05). In conclusion, administration of 400mg of Piper guineense extract resulted in a significant decrease in domino gene expression compared to lower concentrations while 100mg and 400mg doses led to significantly higher SOD levels.
