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ABSTRACT
The effect of temperature on acid activated clay was investigated. The clay obtained from GEGU-EGBA Kogi State, was crushed with the aid of a ceramic mortar and pestle, and afterwards ground in a ceramic plate to ensure that the clay was properly crushed, then sieved to obtain the fine clay particles. The clay fine samples were put in a crucible and oven dried at 105°C to remove moisture.The clay samples were mixed with 70% v/v Hydrochloric acid solution, then afterwards agitated mechanically for twenty-four hours, filtered and thoroughly shed with distilled deionized water until no chloride ion was detected. Thereafter the acidified clay samples were filtered and oven dried at 105°C-110°C, and then calcined at 200°C and 400°C in a furnace respectively. This clay samples were analysed using Scanning electron microscope with elemental analysis (Energy disperse X-ray), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the analysis showed the surface topology, surface area, pore volume, and adsorption frequencies of the clay.The Scanning electron microscope results showed that the clay samples heated to 200°C had a porous structure, while the clay samples heated at 400°C had a polished, featureless appearance and also a non-porous region.The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller results showed that at high temperature (400°C) the surface area and pore volume increased. (At 200°C the surface area was 436(m²³/g) and at 400°C the surface area increased to 470.5(m³/g), the pore volume at 200°C was 0.0938(cm²/g) and at 400°C the pore volume increased to 0.128(cm²/g))The Fourier transform infrared showed different peaks on the spectra, and the clay sample that was heated to 200°C had more peaks than the clay sample heated to 400°C. Siloxane Si- O-Si was a common functional group to the clay samples heated at both 200°C and 400°C.In summary the behaviour of acid activated clay from GEGU-EGBA, Kogi state, is strongly influenced by temperature. The research study showed that higher temperature favoured increase in surface area, pore volume.
