Abstract
This research aims to investigate the impact of treating clay with hydrochloric acid (HCl) at different temperatures on its catalytic properties, aiming to enhance its suitability for various applications. The objectives encompassed identifying suitable clay minerals based on inherent properties, optimizing HCl activation parameters, and analyzing structural and chemical changes using advanced techniques such as SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and BET. The methodology involved meticulous sample preparation, preparation of HCl and silver nitrate stock solutions, acid treatment, washing, filtration, drying, and heating. SEM-EDX analysis revealed trends in elemental composition, showcasing slight increases in silicon (Si) content and reductions in chlorine (Cl) and sulfur (S) concentrations post-treatment, with aluminum (Al) remaining stable. BET analysis demonstrated significant increases in surface area, pore volume, and diameter post-activation, suggesting enhanced catalytic potential. FTIR analysis highlighted similar functional groups in treated and untreated clay at 200°C, while notable changes were observed at 400°C, indicating structural modifications. Overall, this comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the effects of acid treatment and temperature variations on clay's catalytic properties, laying the groundwork for future applications in various industrial processes.
