EFFECT OF SPONDIAS MOMBIN EXTRACT ON ADENOMATOUS POLYPOPSIS COLI

ABSTRACT

One of the key beginning events in the development of colorectal tumors is the inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. The majority of APC mutations cause premature stop codons, which result in shortened proteins with missing beta-catenin binding sites. APC-free beta-catenin activates the Wnt signaling pathway, which results in target genes' active transcription. The tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the most often utilized in the globe. Its primary use is in gastrointestinal cancers, particularly colorectal cancer.They provide helpful information on a patient's cancer and the propensity for it to respond to particular treatments. Here, the Wistar rats were grouped into five groups of which group 1 was the control, group 2 was the negative control, group 3 was treated with the standard drug Xeloda, group 4 was treated with hydroethanol extract of Spondias mombin and groups 5 was treated with ethanol extract of Spondias mombin. In the current study, we determine the expression level of APC gene and CEA in DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats treated with extracts of Spondias mombin leaves as well as Xeloda which was the standard chemotherapeutic drug. The result showed that Spondias mombin and Xeloda increase the expression of the APC gene after the DMH-induced downregulation of the gene. After preventing cancer cell division and proliferation, APC gene suppresses cancer tumors, which in turn disappear and become inactive decreasing its expression. The result also showed that in the presence of malignancies, CEA expression rises. When Spondias mombin extract and Xeloda were used as therapy, CEA expression was lowered.