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ABSTRACT
In this present age and time, several plant parts and their components have been explored to discover their potential medicinal properties, as well as to find out their possibility of been a drug source. Ficus exasperata is one plant whose parts and components have been explored in recent times to discover its potential medicinal properties. The various components of the Ficus exasperata has been discovered to contain different medicinal properties which can be used to treat a range of illnesses and disease conditions. However, the leaf has been said to possess some properties relative to oxidative stress and antioxidant level, which is the main aim of this study. 1,2 – Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen has been replaced by a methyl group which has carcinogenic effects and it is a powerful alkylating agent used for the treatment of colon cancer. Ficus exasperata methanol extract was given to the treatment group at predetermined intervals. The kidney antioxidant parameters of rats given 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were examined in this study to determine any potential protective effects of methanol extract from Ficus exasperata. A regulated dose of the recognized carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine was administered to the DMH-induced group in order to cause oxidative stress and kidney injury. The leaves of the Ficus exasperata were air dried, grinded and soaked in methanol for 72hours, then sieved and concentrated to obtain the methanolic extract of Ficus plant used for the treatment of colon cancer. The Rats were separated into eight groups with eight rats in every group for the duration 11 weeks for this experiment in the progressive order of: control, Ficus exasperata extract only at 500mg/kg body weight, DMH-induced at 30mg/kg body weight only, DMH-induced at 30mg/kg body weight and Ficus exasperata extract at 500mg/kg simultaneously, DMH-induced at 30mg/kg of and Ficus exasperata extract at 750mg/kg simultaneously, pre- treatment administration of 500mg/kg of Ficus exasperata extract for 4 weeks and thereafter 30mg/kg of DMH for 7 weeks, Post-treatment administration of 30mg/kg of DMH for 6 weeks and 500mg/kg of Ficus exasperata extract for 5 weeks and DMH-induced at 30mg/kg and standard drugs. The rats were acclimatized for 14 days after which the research process began. Ficus exasperata extract was administered Orally, DMH was induced subcutaneously, while the standard drug 5-Flourouracil was injected intraperitoneal. Ficus exasperata extract was administered daily, while DMH was administered twice in a week and 5-fluorouracil was administered once in two weeks. Administration went on for 11 weeks and thereafter the rats were anesthetized with chloroform and sacrificed. The Kidney tissue was thereafter harvested into drug sachet and placed in ice. They were homogenized immediately and the homogenate were used to carry out experimental analysis of the antioxidants catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The results obtained in this study suggest that the methanolic extract of Ficus exasperate on the antioxidant level of the kidney of colon cancer induced rate is effective at both the dose of 500mg/kg and 750mg/kg when administered side by side with DMH because a negative effect was observed when extract was administered after DMH administration.
