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ABSTRACT
Jatropha tanjorensis (Euphorbiaceae) is another plant widely used in traditional medicine, and as a vegetable in Nigeria and it is popularly known as "hospital too far" or Iyana-Ipaja in the Nigerian local languages. Many people in the southern part of Nigeria consume the leaves as vegetables in soups and it is also popularly used in the treatment of diabetes, malaria, and anemia. Jatropha tanjorensis is a plant that is known to possess various bioactive compounds with potential medicinal properties. Investigating its role in erythropoiesis and the associated molecular pathways could offer valuable insights into its therapeutic potential for conditions related to red blood cell production and its related disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf on PI3K mRNA, AKT mRNA, and haematological parameters in male albino wistar rat. A total of thirty (30) male adult albino wistar rats was selected into five (5) groups. The groups were control group, phenyl hydrazine group, 1000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group, 2000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group and 4000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group. RNA extraction and semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to isolate RNA from rat bone marrow, Complimentary DNA was synthesized and was subsequently amplified using polymerase chain reaction. Gel electrophoresis was used to determine the bands of the genes. The findings revealed that the mRNA expression of PI3K was significantly higher in group 4 and 5 when compared to control (p<0.001). Group 4 and 5 showed a significantly increase in mRNA expression of PI3K when compared to the phenylhydrazine untreated group (p<0.001) and also showed significant increase when compared to group 3 (group treated with 1000mg/kg of aqueous Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract). Group 5 also showed significant increase in the expression of PI3K mRNA when compared to group 4 (group treated with 2000mg/kg of aqueous Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract). The mRNA expression of AKT was significantly higher in group 2,3,4 and 5 when compared to control (p< 0.001). Group 4 and 5 showed a significantly lower mRNA expression of AKT when compared to the phenylhydrazine untreated group (p<0.05) Group 5 also showed significantly lower mRNA expression of AKT when compared to group 4 (group treated with 2000mg/kg of aqueous Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract). In conclusion, Jatropha tanjorensis significantly increased PI3K and AKT expression. These results suggest that Jatropha tanjorensis could influence haemopoiesis by modulating the expression of key regulatory factors.
