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ABSTRACT
Exposure to cadmium (Cd), a food chain contaminant is a common problem worldwide with harmful impact on most organ systems. The most frequently renal effect of cadmium exposure in the general population is injury to the proximal tubular epithelial cells where cadmium accumulates. Two groups of male wistar rats weighing 200±50g were divided into the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group received treatment of aqueous solution of cadmium chloride (3 mg/kg body weight) . Toxic effect of the metal was investigated on redox status and biochemical parameters in the kidney of treated wistar rats based on the length of exposure of kidney to cadmium. Cell death triggered by cadmium(3mg/kg/b.w.) depend on the exposure time ( 1 week and 2 weeks). In addition to its cell damage, the results show that the levels of MDA in the kidney of the experimental group were comparable to those in the kidneys of the control group. The differences in SOD activity in the kidney between the control and experimental group after 1 and 2 weeks of exposure were not significant. Levels of urea and creatinine increased significantly after both weeks. The control group of both weeks exposure illustrated normal appearance of the microstructures of the kidney while the microstructures observed in cadmium treated rats after two weeks revealed necrotic areas, interstitial congestion and presence of inflammatory molecules. Taken together, these findings suggest that the length of exposure to cadmium(3.0 mg/kg/b.w) toxicity has no significant effect on the kidney antioxidant status.
