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ABSTRACT
Azadirachata indica also known as Neem tree is native to tropical Sonah laut Asia. Neem is ubiquitous in Northern Nigeria and is popularly referred to in Hausa language as 'Dongoyaro', has a long history of use in India. The leaf and bark extracts were recommended by heal practitioners for gastrointestinal upsets, skin ulcers, infections and malaria. Ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract are one of the major side effects associated with alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of A. indica on the kidney of Wistar rats. Twenty-five (25) matured wistar rats grouped into 5 groups with 5 animals in each group were used for the experiment. Group A was the control group given feed and water only. Group B received 60mg/kg dose of the Azadirachata indica for 28 days and was sacrificed,Group C received 120 mg/kg dose of the Azadirachata indica for 28 days and was sacrificed. Group D received 240 mg/kg dose of tha Azadirachata indica for 28 days and was sacrificed and Group E received 480 mg/kg dose of the Azadirachata indica for 28 days and was sacrificed. The stomach of the rats were harvested after sacrifice, fixed and processed histologically. From the result, it was discovered that there was no distortion of the normal histological architecture in all groups of rats but there was rapid blood flow most especially group D (240mg/kg).
Vascular dilation was observed in group C and D. also. There was no significant increase in the body weights. There was equally no significant difference (p>0.05) in the urea and creatinine levels., there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in levels of alkaline phosphatase and ALT across the groups. However, there was significant difference (p<0.05) in sodium level especially in group B when compared with the control.
