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ABSTRACT
Inadequate water supply still remains a problem faced by many communities in Nigeria today as such they have to depend on dug wells, streams, rivers and rain water. One of the best ways to counter this problem is by designing a water distribution system taking into consideration the topographic, population and per capital consumption of the community. In this study a network model was constructed for the hydraulic analysis and design of a small community (EKOSODIN) water distribution network in Ovia North East region of Nigeria. The base demand of each junction of the network was obtained and using a design period of 30 years an optimized water supply system was designed. In order to ensure the availability of sufficient quantity of good quality of water to the various section of community in accordance with the demand. Many computer tools were developed, out of all the tools available EPANET became most popular and convenient for the effective design of complex pipe networks. This work highlights only the effective design and distribution of network of pipes using EPANET tool. Google Earth map and QGIS software were used also in design of the network. A time pattern was assigned to every junction. Design population of 847461persons. The network has five tanks, three reservoir. A hydraulic simulation was performed for 24hours using different pipe sizes combination. The analysis included review of pressures, velocities and head loss gradients under extended period simulation. Three cases were analysed in this report. All three cases meet the minimum pressure of 14m required. A profile base demand for the nodes for shown to ascertain the nodal demand for each node. At the end of the design, the run was successful and the distribution was run for 16hours and the remaining 8hours is termed as sleeping hours and hence no consumption of water is required at this moment.
EPANET has proven to be very efficient for the analysis of water distribution network. Over other method of analysis, the software is fast and efficient. It can also be used for other applications in the distribution system analysis, sampling program design.
