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ABSTRACT
Many villages in Nigeria still struggle with inadequate water supply, forcing them to rely on rainwater, dug wells, streams, and rivers. Designing a water distribution system with the community's topography, population, and per capita use in mind is one of the best approaches to address this issue. For the hydraulic analysis and design of a small community (Eturu) water distribution network in Edo state Nigeria, a network model was built as part of this study. An optimal water supply system was constructed utilizing the base demand of each network junction and a design term of 2 decades The design population was projected to 5,498 people in 20 years using a growth rate of 2.44%. Daily per capita water demand was estimated as 90 liters. Using this data, the total demand was calculated as 494,820 liters/day. The network was modeled in EPANET with 13 pipes, 14 nodes, and 1 tank. Pipe diameters ranged from 75mm to 200mm. Extended period simulation determined the base demand as 0.43 L/s and peak demand as 0.51 L/s. The layout ensured adequate circulation and equitable pressures. The optimized model showed the system could supply the required demands at suitable pressures. Simulation results indicated minimum nodal pressure of 5980.85m and maximum of 6009.95m across the network. Adequate circulation prevented stagnation. Storage capacity of 471 m3 was designed to meet domestic and agricultural needs. This project provides a least-cost design to supply Eturu village with clean, potable water using standard engineering practice.
