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ABSTRACT
The project focuses on the design and implementation of an autonomous Unmanned Vehicle tailored for environmental monitoring and surveillance applications. It is equipped with a comprehensive suite of sensors, including ultrasonic, atmospheric, and GPS modules, enabling it to gather real-time data on atmospheric conditions and geographical coordinates. The project utilizes 12V secondary batteries for extended flight, which was constructed connecting two sets of three series individual cells connected in parallel. Precise GPS navigation through triangulation with an M8N GPS module enables accurate location determination and autonomous flight. It integrates a high-res ESP CAM32 camera for surveillance, controlled by the ESP32 microcontroller. User-friendly remote control is enabled by a Bluetooth module (HC-05) for real-time data transmission. Robust control algorithms, including an H-bridge motor driver, allow precise motor control and various manoeuvres using PWM signals for speed regulation. Notably, the project yielded several key findings about sensor range and data acquisition. The ultrasonic sensors exhibited commendable performance, effectively detecting obstacles within a defined range. However, challenges were encountered when dealing with obstacles positioned below the sensor's detection height. Additionally, the GPS module demonstrated limitations in procuring location data under specific conditions. Nonetheless, the system excelled in monitoring atmospheric variables such as temperature, pressure, and humidity. The live feed, although affected by the 2-megapixel camera's limitations, was successfully streamed to smartphones and laptops via a hotspot connection.
