ABSTRACT

Background: The amplitude of accommodation (AoA) is a critical measure of the eye’s ability to focus on near objects, essential for activities such as reading and digital device use. Several methods exist to measure AoA, including the Push-Up to Blur method, Minus Lens to Blur method, and Hofstetter’s Calculated method. However, inconsistencies between these techniques raise concerns about their accuracy and clinical applicability. Purpose: This study aimed to compare AoA values obtained using the Push-Up, Minus Lens, and Hofstetter’s Calculated methods among young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 81 university studentsaged 18 to 28 years. AoA was measured usingthe Push-Up to Blur method, Minus Lens to Blur method, andHofstetter’s Calculated method. Data were analyzed usingpaired t-tests to compare methods, and one-way ANOVA to assess age-related differences. Results: The Push-Up method produced the highest mean AoA (10.33D ± 2.37D), followed by Hofstetter’s formula (11.57D ± 0.89D), while the Minus Lens method yielded the lowest values (8.11D ± 2.22D). Paired t-tests showed significant differences between all three methods (p < 0.0001), confirming that they produce statistically different results. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant age-related differences in AoA (p = 0.693), suggesting that accommodative ability remains stable within young adulthood. Conclusion: The findings confirm that AoA measurements vary significantly depending on the method used. The Push-Up method overestimates AoA, while the Minus Lens method underestimates it, andHofstetter’s formula provides intermediate values. Given these discrepancies, clinicians should exercise caution when interpreting AoA results and consider method-specific biases. Further research using objective techniques is recommended to enhance measurement accuracy.

Key Words: Amplitude of Accommodation, Push-Up Method, Minus Lens Method, Hofstetter’s Formula, Accommodative Dysfunction, Visual Assessment.