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ABSTRACT
Alkyd resins are products of poly condensation reaction between polybasic acid and polyhydric alcohol modified with fatty acid or drying oil. Oil modified alkyd resins are used as binders in surface coatings. It is estimated that alkyd resins contribute about 70% to the conventional binders used in surface coatings today. Rubber seed oil is a renewable raw material. Rubber seeds were collected from Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN), Iyanomo, Benin city and its oil was extracted by soxhlet extraction process. The oil obtained was used in the preparation and synthesis of alkyd resin. Monoglycerides were obtained from alcoholysis process where RSO was reacted with glycerol at very high temperature in presence of a catalyst. The resulting mixture was then reacted with phthalic anhydride of which xylene was introduced in the reaction acting as an azeotropic solvent in order to obtain the water of condensation. Rubber seed oil (RSO) and rubber seed oil alkyd resin (RSOAR) were characterized by the determination of physico-chemical properties. The values for RSO and RSOAR were found to be; Specific gravity 0.906 and 0.940, Density 0.903 and 0.937(kg/m^3), Acid value 11.42 and 7.54 (mg KOH/g), Peroxide value 1.85 and 1.49 (meq/kg), Iodine value 130.36 and 83.23 (gI2/100g), Saponification value 186.88 and 210.62 (mgKOH/g) respectively. The performance characteristics of RSO was studied in terms of set to touch, surface dry and dry through and resistance to chemicals and compared with commercial resin. The results revealed that alkyd resin formulated by RSO dried faster than that of commercial resin and also had high resistance to water, salt and sulphuric acid solutions.
